Journal: iScience

Article Title: cGAS/STING sensing in dendritic cells discriminates between daptomycin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115854

Figure Lengend Snippet: TLR2 is required for MutuDC sensing of, but not internalization of MRSA (A) Relative pHrodo labeled MRSA internalization by MutuDC over 4 h following stimulation with DapS A8819 (light blue symbols) or DapR A8817 (dark blue symbols), or media alone (white squares). Prior to stimulation, MutuDC were pre-treated for 1 h with TLR2 blocking antibody (clone T2.5; triangles with dashed lines) or media alone (circles with filled lines). Relative MRSA internalization by each DC subset is expressed as the gMFI of pHrodo. Results show the mean and (SD) of duplicates from one experiment, representative of two independent experiments. (B) Cytokine secretion (pg/mL) by MutuDC stimulated with TLR2 ligand peptidoglycan of S. aureus (PGN-SA) (10 μg/mL) or (C) DapS (A8819; light blue) or DapR (A8817; dark blue) MRSA (MOI of 10) for 18 h. MutuDC were first pre-treated with either TLR2 blocking antibody (dot-filled bars) or media alone (filled bars) as in A, or an isotype control (clone 163D3, empty bars) at 1 μg/mL. Results pooled from four (B) or three (C) independent experiments and expressed as the mean ± SEM, with each symbol (circle, square, and directional triangles) representing paired experimental replicates ( n = 3). Statistical significance determined using paired t test and reported as indicated by an ∗ when p ≤ 0.05. (D) Expression of surface activation markers by MutuDC stimulated with DapS A8819 MRSA. DC were pre-treated with TLR2 blocking antibody (black trace), isotype control (dashed red trace), and media alone (light blue shaded). Unstained control sample is shown for each marker (black dashed trace). Data shown from one experiment, representative of three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: mAB mTLR2- anti-mouse/human TLR2 , InvivoGen , Cat# mab-mtlr2; RRID: AB_763722.

Techniques: Labeling, Blocking Assay, Control, Expressing, Activation Assay, Marker

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Electroacupuncture Inhibits the Early Neuroinflammatory Cascade Triggered by TLR2 in the Prodromal Period of PD

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S585729

Figure Lengend Snippet: The level of TLR2 gradually increases in different regions of pPD. ( A ) TLR2 levels in the substantia nigra of pPD were detected by ELISA. ( B ) TLR2 levels in the hippocampus of pPD were detected by ELISA. ( C ) TLR2 levels in the olfactory bulb of pPD were detected by ELISA. ( D ) TLR2 levels in the colon of pPD were detected by ELISA. (n=3; compared with the control group, *** P <0.001; compared with the 10 μg/4 μL group, ### P <0.001; compared with the 13 μg/4 μL group, ΔΔΔ P <0.001).

Article Snippet: The membrane was incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies specific to TLR2 (#bs-1019R, Bioss, 1:1000), MyD88 (#bs-1047R, Bioss, 1:1000), p-NF-κB-p65 (#bs-7343R, Bioss, 1:1000), NLRP3 (#bs-41293R, Bioss, 1:1000), caspase-1 (#bsm-52441R, Bioss, 1:1000), IL-1β (#bs-0812R, Bioss, 1:1000), and GSDMD (#bs-14287R, Bioss, 1:1000), followed by incubation with an IgG secondary antibody (#bs-10900R, Bioss, 1:5000) for 1 hour in the dark.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Olfactory, Control

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Electroacupuncture Inhibits the Early Neuroinflammatory Cascade Triggered by TLR2 in the Prodromal Period of PD

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S585729

Figure Lengend Snippet: EA can inhibit the activation of microglia in the pPD stage mediated by TLR2. ( A and B ) Immunofluorescence co-localization was used to detect the co-localization area of TLR2 in substantia nigra and the surface marker Iba-1 of microglia (magnification ×200, scale bar 50 μm). ( C ) HE staining of substantia nigra, yellow arrows indicate neuronal necrosis, and black arrows indicate inflammatory infiltration.(n=3; compared with the control group, *** P <0.001; compared with the model group, ### P <0.001).

Article Snippet: The membrane was incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies specific to TLR2 (#bs-1019R, Bioss, 1:1000), MyD88 (#bs-1047R, Bioss, 1:1000), p-NF-κB-p65 (#bs-7343R, Bioss, 1:1000), NLRP3 (#bs-41293R, Bioss, 1:1000), caspase-1 (#bsm-52441R, Bioss, 1:1000), IL-1β (#bs-0812R, Bioss, 1:1000), and GSDMD (#bs-14287R, Bioss, 1:1000), followed by incubation with an IgG secondary antibody (#bs-10900R, Bioss, 1:5000) for 1 hour in the dark.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Immunofluorescence, Marker, Staining, Control

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Electroacupuncture Inhibits the Early Neuroinflammatory Cascade Triggered by TLR2 in the Prodromal Period of PD

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S585729

Figure Lengend Snippet: EA can inhibit the activation of microglia in the pPD stage mediated by TLR2. ( A ) Western blot detection of TLR2 protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( B ) Western blot detection of MyD88 protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( C ) Western blot detection of p-NF-κB-p65 expression in the substantia nigra. ( D ) Western blot detection of NLRP3 protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( E ) Western blot detection of Caspase-1 protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( F ) Western blot detection of GSDMD protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( G ) Western blot detection of IL-1β protein expression in the substantia nigra. (n=6; compared with the control group, *** P <0.001; compared with the model group, ### P <0.001, ## P <0.01, # P <0.05).

Article Snippet: The membrane was incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies specific to TLR2 (#bs-1019R, Bioss, 1:1000), MyD88 (#bs-1047R, Bioss, 1:1000), p-NF-κB-p65 (#bs-7343R, Bioss, 1:1000), NLRP3 (#bs-41293R, Bioss, 1:1000), caspase-1 (#bsm-52441R, Bioss, 1:1000), IL-1β (#bs-0812R, Bioss, 1:1000), and GSDMD (#bs-14287R, Bioss, 1:1000), followed by incubation with an IgG secondary antibody (#bs-10900R, Bioss, 1:5000) for 1 hour in the dark.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Control

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Electroacupuncture Inhibits the Early Neuroinflammatory Cascade Triggered by TLR2 in the Prodromal Period of PD

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S585729

Figure Lengend Snippet: EA intervention affects the expression of TLR2 in different regions of pPD, inhibits microglial activation, regulates the TLR2/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, and suppresses pyroptosis of microglia.

Article Snippet: The membrane was incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies specific to TLR2 (#bs-1019R, Bioss, 1:1000), MyD88 (#bs-1047R, Bioss, 1:1000), p-NF-κB-p65 (#bs-7343R, Bioss, 1:1000), NLRP3 (#bs-41293R, Bioss, 1:1000), caspase-1 (#bsm-52441R, Bioss, 1:1000), IL-1β (#bs-0812R, Bioss, 1:1000), and GSDMD (#bs-14287R, Bioss, 1:1000), followed by incubation with an IgG secondary antibody (#bs-10900R, Bioss, 1:5000) for 1 hour in the dark.

Techniques: Expressing, Activation Assay

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Protective effect of Zymosan-A against radiation-induced premature ovarian insufficiency in a murine model

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115027

Figure Lengend Snippet: The TLR2-NF-κB signaling pathway plays a critical role in the radioprotective effect of Zymosan-A (A) Heatmap of differential gene expression between wild-type mice and Zymosan-A mice. (B) Scatterplot of differently expressed genes in ovary tissue after Zymosan-A treatment. Each dot stands for a gene. Red and green color dots indicate an increase or decrease, respectively. (C) Pathway enrichment analysis of KEGG pathways within the core network. (D) RNA level to verify the expression of DEGs, including TLR2, CCL3, CCL5, AKT1, MYD88, and IκBκB. (E) The expression of TLR2-NF-κB pathway-related proteins. (F) The serum E2 level, AMH level, FSH level, and LH level were measured at TLR2 KO + IR + NS group and TLR2 KO + IR + Zymosan-A group. (G) The cell viability in siTLR2 + NS + IR group and siTLR2 + Zymosan-A + IR group (error bars represent the mean ± SD of independent experiments; N.S., no statistical difference, ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001; n = 3).

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were used: TLR2 (Cat no: 17236-1-AP, 1:1000, Proteintech), BCL-2 (Cat no: 60178-1-Ig, 1:1000, Proteintech), BAX (Cat no: 60267-1-Ig, 1:1000, Proteintech), PCNA (Cat no: 13110, 1:1000, CST), Cleaved Caspase-3 (Cat no: 9661, 1:1000, CST) and GAPDH (Cat no:5174, 1:1000, CST), p -IKKα/β (Cat no: 2697, 1:1000, CST), p-P65 (Cat no: 3033, 1:1000, CST), TLR2 (Cat no: 66645-1-Ig, 1:1000, Proteintech), Myd88 (Cat no: 50010, 1:1000, CST).

Techniques: Gene Expression, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Electroacupuncture Inhibits the Early Neuroinflammatory Cascade Triggered by TLR2 in the Prodromal Period of PD

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S585729

Figure Lengend Snippet: The level of TLR2 gradually increases in different regions of pPD. ( A ) TLR2 levels in the substantia nigra of pPD were detected by ELISA. ( B ) TLR2 levels in the hippocampus of pPD were detected by ELISA. ( C ) TLR2 levels in the olfactory bulb of pPD were detected by ELISA. ( D ) TLR2 levels in the colon of pPD were detected by ELISA. (n=3; compared with the control group, *** P <0.001; compared with the 10 μg/4 μL group, ### P <0.001; compared with the 13 μg/4 μL group, ΔΔΔ P <0.001).

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the primary antibodies—TLR2 (#bs-10472R, Beijing Bioss Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 1:200) or GSDMD (#bs-14287R, Beijing Bioss Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 1:200)—were applied, and the sections were incubated at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Olfactory, Control

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Electroacupuncture Inhibits the Early Neuroinflammatory Cascade Triggered by TLR2 in the Prodromal Period of PD

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S585729

Figure Lengend Snippet: EA can inhibit the activation of microglia in the pPD stage mediated by TLR2. ( A and B ) Immunofluorescence co-localization was used to detect the co-localization area of TLR2 in substantia nigra and the surface marker Iba-1 of microglia (magnification ×200, scale bar 50 μm). ( C ) HE staining of substantia nigra, yellow arrows indicate neuronal necrosis, and black arrows indicate inflammatory infiltration.(n=3; compared with the control group, *** P <0.001; compared with the model group, ### P <0.001).

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the primary antibodies—TLR2 (#bs-10472R, Beijing Bioss Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 1:200) or GSDMD (#bs-14287R, Beijing Bioss Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 1:200)—were applied, and the sections were incubated at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Immunofluorescence, Marker, Staining, Control

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Electroacupuncture Inhibits the Early Neuroinflammatory Cascade Triggered by TLR2 in the Prodromal Period of PD

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S585729

Figure Lengend Snippet: EA can inhibit the activation of microglia in the pPD stage mediated by TLR2. ( A ) Western blot detection of TLR2 protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( B ) Western blot detection of MyD88 protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( C ) Western blot detection of p-NF-κB-p65 expression in the substantia nigra. ( D ) Western blot detection of NLRP3 protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( E ) Western blot detection of Caspase-1 protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( F ) Western blot detection of GSDMD protein expression in the substantia nigra. ( G ) Western blot detection of IL-1β protein expression in the substantia nigra. (n=6; compared with the control group, *** P <0.001; compared with the model group, ### P <0.001, ## P <0.01, # P <0.05).

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the primary antibodies—TLR2 (#bs-10472R, Beijing Bioss Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 1:200) or GSDMD (#bs-14287R, Beijing Bioss Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 1:200)—were applied, and the sections were incubated at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Control

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Electroacupuncture Inhibits the Early Neuroinflammatory Cascade Triggered by TLR2 in the Prodromal Period of PD

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S585729

Figure Lengend Snippet: EA intervention affects the expression of TLR2 in different regions of pPD, inhibits microglial activation, regulates the TLR2/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, and suppresses pyroptosis of microglia.

Article Snippet: Subsequently, the primary antibodies—TLR2 (#bs-10472R, Beijing Bioss Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 1:200) or GSDMD (#bs-14287R, Beijing Bioss Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 1:200)—were applied, and the sections were incubated at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing, Activation Assay